Key tasks and deliverables: The TNA work for Nepal will be delivered by team of two experts/consultants. While the international consultant will be responsible for developing the methodology, approach, framework of the TNA and identify/analyze nationwide priority sectors and to bring in cross-sectoral knowledge and expertise for addressing the linkages with blue emerging economies (i.e. deep sea and ocean related resources and sectors); the national consultant is expected to provide the best level of input and insights through national-level research and consultations that would feed into the TNA chapters; aiming to inform the development of a coherent and integrated national strategy for science, technology and innovation development. Tasks 1. Inception Phase and TNA kick-off – 4 days 1.1. Participate in the kick-off meeting (if applicable) 1.2. Inception Report with proposed approach and work plan and timeline (including stakeholder engagement plan in consensus with the National Consultant). Deliverable: Inception report 2. Analysis of the STI environment and National System of Innovation – 18 days 2.1. Coordinate analysis of relevant data and information sources, including national development plans and strategies, policy documents, information on STI governance structures and arrangements, information on investment in science and technology, key STI indicators and trends, etc. 2.2 Provide oversight of the stakeholder consultations, including final review of the potential list of interviewees from relevant government, academia, private sector and civil society institutions, along with the questionnaire to be used. 2.3 Liaise with the national consultant, providing overall guidance on finalizing the consultation strategy, and participate in consultations with the technical working group and selected STI experts in the country, including interviews and focus group meetings. 2.4 Work with the national consultant to prepare the chapters presenting an overview of the country’s contextual background and national system of innovation in Nepal, including a critical analysis of existing strengths and weaknesses (SWOT). Deliverables: TNA report introduction and chapters on i) the contextual background; and ii) STI environment; Final list of proposed interviews and questionnaire to be used 3. Identification of key development goals and challenges and selection of TNA focus (priority) sector(s) – 25 days 3.1. Conduct continued desk review, focused specifically on examining development goals and priority needs that can be addressed through technologies. 3.2 Participate in focus group meetings with the technical working group (TNA committee), and interviews convened by the national consultant to discuss the development challenges, identify priority development ambitions that can be more effectively addressed through technology and agree on up to 4 TNA focus (priority) sector(s) and related sub-sectors in the areas of blue economy, natural resource management, climate resilience, and sustainable energy. 3.3 Conduct an in-depth analysis of the selected 2-3 sectors (up to 4) and respective sub-sectors to understand the state of development, key gaps and challenges, areas of expertise at the country level, technology adoption and investment levels, and existing gaps. Review the investment environment, highlight barriers and opportunities for investment to drive technology transfer in the identified sectors. 3.4 Revise analysis of findings and coordinating the preparation of the chapter on the priority development goals and challenges and the focal (priority) sectors of the TNA. Deliverables: Meeting minutes; Drafted chapters on: a) the development agenda and priority challenges in addressing national goals; b) the (priority) sectors and sub-sectors which the TNA will focus on, with detailed supporting rationale. 4. Technology Analysis – 25 days 4.1 In close consultation with the national Consultant; 4.1.1 Oversee the design and submission of a survey/interview questionnaire to identify relevant technologies in the selected sub-sectors which can effectively contribute to priority development goals; identify those technologies already available/in use in the country and those suitable for transfer. Coordinate the engagement with national and international investment agencies, regional development banks, and private sector investors to identify concrete opportunities for investment in technology adoption in the priority sectors. 4.1.2 Identify at least 6-8 key technology experts with expertise in the focal sectors of the TNA to serve as members of the Technology Group of Experts. Conduct focus group meetings or one-on-one interviews with the Technology Experts to: (i) identify the main technologies that can address sectoral priority needs and drive investment; (ii) identify relevant criteria and weights to prioritize and rank the technologies; (iii) identify barriers and challenges to their deployment; (iv) provide insights to inform the preparation of technology fact sheets. 4.2 Coordinate survey data analysis, drafting of the relevant technologies long list and preparation of technology factsheet for each technology. 4.3 Participate in focus group meetings convened by the national consultant to identify criteria and weights to prioritize technologies and discuss scoring for each technology. 4.4 Finalize ranking of priority technologies per each sub-sector and prepare chapter on technology analysis. Deliverables: Proposed survey/interview questionnaire to identify relevant technologies in the identified TNA focus (priority) sectors; List of technical expert group members, Draft interview questionnaire, Meeting minutes; Technology factsheets (including characteristics, potential of applications, cost, maturity, economic benefits and social benefits); Drafted chapter on Technology Analysis 5. TNA Report – 30 days 5.1 Prepare the first draft for review by the UN Technology Bank and the national focal point. The report should include a section recommending areas and opportunities to attract investment in STI. 5.2 Prepare a second draft of the report, based on comments provided by the UN Technology Bank and the national focal points, which is to be then circulated by the UN Technology Bank/national focal point to all relevant stakeholders for their input. Deliverables: First draft of the TNA report, including executive summary, introduction, conclusion, recommendations, and annexes; Second draft of the TNA report 6. Report finalization 6.1 Revise the third draft of the report based on comments from the UN Technology Bank, national focal point and relevant stakeholders, which will then be used for the validation of the report. – 5 days 6.2 Prepare TNA Brief (2 page report summary) – 3 days Deliverables: Final draft TNA report submitted; TNA Brief/Summary produced

Remote

9 months

Science, technology, and innovation (STI) are key instruments for the socio-economic transformation of the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and their sustainable development. The importance of STI is recognized both in the Doha Programme of Action for the LDCs for the Decade 2022-2031 (DPoA) as well as the Decade of Action for the SDGs. The DPoA highlights the importance of using STI to address multiple vulnerabilities and achieve the SDGs, making this a central priority for sustainable and lasting graduation of LDCs. It calls for renewed and stronger partnerships between LDCs and their development partners, including governments, the private sector, and civil society. The DPoA also recognizes the UN Technology Bank for Least Developed Countries as the main focal point for LDCs in the area of STI. Since 2019, the UN Technology Bank has been conducting Technology Needs Assessments (TNAs) in LDCs. The primary purpose of the TNA is to identify the technologies and technical know-how that the LDCs need to address key development challenges and, in the long term, assist them to develop the technological and innovative capabilities required to achieve growth, promote structural transformation, and attain the SDGs. The International Seabed Authority (ISA) is the organization through which States Parties to United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) organize and control all mineral-resources-related activities in the Area for the benefit of humankind as a whole. In so doing, ISA has the mandate to ensure the effective protection of the marine environment from harmful effects that may arise from deep-seabed- related activities. Accordingly, ISA promotes the effective participation of developing States having due regard for their special interests and needs. ISA is also mandated to take measures to promote and encourage the transfer of technology and scientific knowledge to developing States relating to activities in the Area, so that all States parties benefit therefrom. The oceans and their marginal seas, covering almost 71 per cent of the surface of the Earth, have since early times played a significant role in the development of humanity. They provide food and resources, generate oxygen and ensure communication and trade. Thanks to ongoing technological progress and innovation, access to different maritime areas and their resources, whether living or non-living, has reached new frontiers and opened new prospects. This presents new challenges and imperatives such as the need to peacefully manage global commons resources and to ensure equity in access to, and the distribution of benefits from, such resources. These imperatives are also central to SDG 14 under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which urges all States to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. This includes the application of rigorous and adaptive measures for the protection and preservation of the marine environment, through the implementation of the UNCLOS. It is in this context that the ISA and the UN Technology Bank have decided to partner for the implementation of the ‘Building and Developing Capacities of Least Developed Countries in Deep-Sea related Science, Technology and Innovation in support of Sustainable Development of Blue Emerging Economies’ project. The project aims to strengthen the capacities of LDCs to harness the potential of deep-sea science, technology, and innovation in line with their national development goals. It seeks to create enabling conditions for LDCs to better understand their rights under the UNCLOS, effectively participate in global ocean governance, particularly the work of ISA, and enhance marine scientific, technical, and legal expertise. A key priority of the initiative is to promote the participation of women scientists from LDCs in deep-sea related research and technology programmes, ensuring more inclusive and equitable access to blue economy opportunities. Nepal is scheduled to graduate from the LDC category by the end of 2026. Sustained efforts in implementing effective policies focused on economic diversification, trade policy with synergy with investment promotion, and disaster risk reduction will be crucial in achieving sustainable graduation. In preparation for a sustainable and resilient transition, Nepal is enhancing its national development strategies, including the Science, Technology, and Innovation Strategy (STS). In this context, Nepal is undertaking a TNA with an innovative lens on exploring how principles and opportunities of the blue economy, natural resource management, climate resilience, and sustainable energy can be adapted and applied to Nepal’s unique context as a landlocked country context to build a resilient and innovation-driven pathway beyond graduation. The TNA will be implemented in partnership between the Government of Nepal, the UN Technology Bank, and ISA. A Focus on Nepal”s Blue Economy Conducting a TNA focused on the blue economy in Nepal, a landlocked developing country (LLDC), is rooted in principles of inclusivity, equity, and the right to sustainable development under international law. While traditionally associated with coastal and maritime nations, the blue economy’s relevance for Nepal lies in the broader interpretation of global and regional resource-sharing, as articulated in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) . This TNA will serve as a pioneering effort to explore how blue economy principles can be adapted and applied in the context of an LLDC, ensuring Nepal’s equitable participation in this global initiative. UNCLOS recognizes the exclusive economic zone (EEZ), which has a sui generis legal status constituting a compromise between sovereignty of the coastal State and freedom for all States. All States, whether coastal or landlocked, thus enjoy the high seas freedoms of navigation and overflight and of laying submarine cables and pipelines, and other internationally lawful uses of the sea related to these freedoms (Art. 58(1)). Activities in the Area, defined as all activities of exploration for, and exploitation of, its resources (Art. 1(3)), are to be carried out for the benefit of humankind as a whole irrespective of the geographical location of States, whether coastal or landlocked. Therefore, the Area is open to use exclusively for peaceful purposes for all States, whether coastal or landlocked, without discrimination (Art. 141). The UNCLOS framework provides a robust legal foundation for Nepal’s engagement in the blue economy. Articles 69 and 70 affirm the rights of landlocked states to equitable participation in the exploration and exploitation of marine resources. Article 140 emphasizes the principle of the “common heritage of mankind,” requiring that activities in the seabed beyond national jurisdiction benefit all states, with special attention to the needs of developing and landlocked nations. Article 148 further underscores the need for the effective participation of developing states, including LLDCs, through capacity-building and technology transfer, ensuring they are not excluded from global ocean governance processes. Article 144 highlights the obligation to promote and facilitate the transfer of marine technology to developing countries, particularly LLDCs. As Nepal transitions out of the LDC category, conducting a TNA with a focus on the blue economy contributes to its national priorities to ensure sustainable development and economic resilience. The TNA will assess Nepal’s existing technological and institutional capacities and will identify development needs and actions required to leverage its rights under UNCLOS, including opportunities for regional and international collaboration in marine resource management, scientific research, and innovation. It will also support Nepal in aligning its national development strategies with global frameworks such as the SDGs. By focusing on Nepal’s unique position as an LLDC, this TNA will not only provide actionable insights for the country’s engagement with the blue economy but also set a precedent for other landlocked nations. It will demonstrate how international legal provisions, coupled with technological advancements, can enable equitable participation and benefit-sharing for all states, regardless of geographic constraints. This initiative reflects a commitment to ensuring that landlocked countries like Nepal are integral to the global discourse on sustainable development and the blue economy. Overall Objective of the Technology Needs Assessment: This TNA will focus on identifying and enhancing the sectors within Nepal”s economy that -directly or indirectly -align and could benefit from blue economy, natural resource management, climate resilience, and sustainable energy, showcasing how leveraging STI can support sustainable development. In Nepal, the TNA initiative is anchored by two key focal ministries—the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (main focal point/lead Ministry) and the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology—ensuring strong sectoral leadership and alignment with national priorities. The National Planning Commission plays a pivotal role in facilitating coordination among a broad range of national stakeholders, thereby fostering a cohesive and inclusive approach to implementation and, upon completion of the TNA, to its follow-up actions and contribution to Nepal’s LDC graduation process. The TNA for Nepal aims to: 1. To identify development challenges in Nepal that can be addressed using technologies, emphasizing how technology can support the country in achieving its development goals and priorities, particularly through the innovative application of blue economy principles. 2. To identify and build consensus on priority technologies, innovative solutions, skills, and knowledge that are most relevant and effective in addressing Nepal’s unique development challenges as a landlocked country, while recognizing existing STI initiatives and the importance of indigenous technologies. While doing so, the TNA exercise will identify up to 4 sectors that are most likely to be scaled with the use of technology, including potential blue economic sectors. 3. To identify barriers and challenges hindering the acquisition, deployment, and diffusion of prioritized and transferred technologies, including scaling up existing technologies that enable Nepal to benefit from its connection to regional and global blue economy frameworks. 4. To evaluate the enabling environment and readiness (policies, financing, capacity, etc.) for the adoption and application of prioritized technologies, ensuring their long-term sustainability and contribution to Nepal’s economic transformation, development goals, and SDG targets, including those tied to leveraging shared seabed resources in the Area. 5. To provide actionable recommendations to leverage investment for increased technology adoption and identify opportunities to strengthen STI capabilities, technical capacities, participation in blue economic sectors and develop relevant skills for the country’s sustainable graduation.

– An advanced university degree (Master”s degree or equivalent) in Economics, Statistics, Business Administration, International Development, Trade, or Science i.e. Geology, Marine science/technology, Mineral Resources or related areas is required. A first-level university degree in similar fields in combination with two additional years of qualifying experience may be accepted in lieu of the advanced university degree. – At least ten (10) years of working experience in international development, and science, technology and innovation (STI), or related area is required. – Extensive knowledge and proven experience in science, technology and innovation (STI) systems, innovation eco-systems; technology and related fields is required. – Experience in qualitative and quantitative research methods, data collection, and data analysis, including gender disaggregated data analysis, techniques is required. – Strong analytical writing and communication skills are required. – A university degree (Bachelor’s and/or Master’s degree or equivalent) in Science Faculty i.e. maritime studies; marine, ocean, fisheries, aquaculture, geological sciences, or related areas is desirable. – Knowledge of ocean affairs, blue economy, extractives, mineral resources and technologies and key issues/policies in ocean governance, deep-sea and related sectors fields is desirable. – Having publications on international development related matters is desirable. – Good understanding of the development challenges facing developing countries, especially the least developed among them, including national development agenda and transition strategy, LDC graduation, land locked country context, is desirable.

Fluency in oral and written English is required.

• The Consultant will report directly to the UN Technology Bank and but work in close collaboration with the International Seabed Authority and the national consultant. • The consultant will be contracted for up to 110 working days and remain available to complete the deliverables within the agreed duration. • The Consultancy lump sum fee will be all-inclusive. • All reports to be submitted to UN Technology Bank in soft copies in English.

THE UNITED NATIONS DOES NOT CHARGE A FEE AT ANY STAGE OF THE RECRUITMENT PROCESS (APPLICATION, INTERVIEW MEETING, PROCESSING, OR TRAINING). THE UNITED NATIONS DOES NOT CONCERN ITSELF WITH INFORMATION ON APPLICANTS’ BANK ACCOUNTS.